:: Libby Prison ::

Information about Libby Prison in Richmond, VA during the Civil War.

Located at the southeast corner of 20th St. and Cary St. Used almost exclusively for officers, though it was also the receiving depot for prisoners through Richmond. Thus, enlisted men would come to Libby Prison, be registered as POWs, and then be transferred elsewhere (Belle Isle, Pemberton, etc). T. P. Turner, Commandant; Richard Turner, Jailor; Erasmus Ross, Clerk; A. W. Thomson, Surgeon; C. W. Coleman, Asst. Surgeon; W. S. Nowlin, Actg. Asst. Surg (7/3/1862 - 2/9/1863) [Surgeon information comes from RG 109, Ch. 6, Vol. 143, National Archives]

Photographs

Images of Maj. Thomas P. Turner, commandant of Libby Prison

Images of Richard Turner, "keeper" of Libby Prison

Images of Erastus Ross, Clerk of Libby Prison

1863 photograph of Libby Prison, looking east - prison guards in formation at present arms. Taken by Rees.

1863 photograph of Libby Prison, looking south-east, corner of Cary and 20th sts. Thomas and Dick Turner are among the men in the foreground. Photo by Rees.

Variant of the above photo. Rees, 1863.

Another variant of the above photo. Rees, 1863

Engraving of view from window of Libby Prison that shows Castle Thunder.

Libby Prison, from Union Hotel, April 6, 1865. Alexander Gardner, #873

Kerr’s Tobacco Factory, on Carey and Twenty-first Streets, Richmond, used as a store house for supplies sent to Federal Prisoners and where the first Union Flag was thrown out on the morning of the third of April, 1865. Taken April 7, 1865. Alexander Gardner, #894

[Libby Prison, Cary street, looking west.] Alexander Gardner, #895

Libby Prison, looking West, on Water Street, Richmond, April 6, 1865. Alexander Gardner, #896

"Libby Prison, Richmond, Virginia." Plate 89, Gardner's Photographic Sketchbook.

Photograph of Libby prison showing corner of 20th and Cary Sts. Variant of the above shot.

Libby Prison, Richmond, Va. Published by E. & H. T. Anthony, # 2726

Libby Prison, Richmond, Va. Published by E. & H. T. Anthony, # 2727

Libby Prison, North Side, Richmond, Va. Published by E. & H. T. Anthony, # 3161

Libby Prison, Richmond, Va. Published by E. & H. T. Anthony, # 3364

Libby Prison, Richmond, Va. Published by E. & H. T. Anthony, # 3365

1865 photograph of Libby Prison from the corner of 20th and Cary, looking east.

1865 photograph showing Libby Prison and Castle Lightning; taken from across the James River.

1865 photograph of Libby Prison from Canal St., looking northeast. Taken by A. J. Russell.

1865 photograph of the NW corner of Libby Prison, showing sentinel box on the corner.

1865 photograph of Libby Prison from 20th street looking southeast.

1865 photograph of Libby Prison from 20th street looking southeast. Barrels and laundry at left.

1865 photograph of Libby Prison from the corner of 20th and Cary. Carriage at left.

1865 photograph of a commissary warehouse, Castle Lightning, and Libby Prison in the distance.

1865 stereo photograph of Libby from the empty lot between 18th & 19th, north of Cary.

1865 Sketch of Libby Prison by Alfred R. Waud.

Engraving of prisoners in windows of Libby Prison, from Century Magazine, March 1888.

Cross-section diagram of the escape tunnel, from Century Magazine, March 1888.

Overhead diagram of the escape tunnel, from Century Magazine, March 1888.

Interior view, Chickamauga Room, Second Floor.

Interior view, Commandant's Room, First Floor.

Interior view, Door in Kitchen, shows the fireplace through which the escapees gained access to the basement, First Floor.

Interior view, Streight's Room, Third Floor.

Post-war stereoview of Libby Prison by Kilburn Brothers of Littleton, N. H. (Half stereo displayed here)

Post-war stereoview of Libby Prison by Anderson & Co, Richmond, Va.

Different post-war stereoview of Libby Prison by Anderson & Co. (Half stereoview displayed here)

Post-war photograph from the canal, looking northwest.

Post-war photograph from the canal, looking northeast.

Post-war photograph from across the canal, looking straight across.

Post-war photograph from Canal street, looking northeast.

Late 19th-Century stereographs of the Libby Prison War Museum in Chicago, IL.

Written Accounts

Rules and Regulations of the C. S. Military Prisons, 1863(?). Signed by Thomas P. Turner. National Archives, RG249.

The Libby Chronicle, wartime newspaper printed by the inmates of Libby in 1863

"Walls that Talk"; list of names carved on the walls of Libby Prison. Published by R. E. Lee Camp, No. 1, C. V., 1884.

Bibliography of material concerning Libby Prison (extensive).

Bartholf, Howard. Significant Dates in the History of Libby Prison.

Waitt, Robert W. "Libby Prison." Official Publication #12, Richmond Civil War Centennial Committee, 1961- 1965

Summary of Libby & Son file, M346, National Archives. This describes monies paid by the Confederate Government to Libby & Son, including purchases of supplies for James River obstructions, and rent paid for Libby Prison.

Richmond Enquirer	10/21/1851; John Enders, builder of many Richmond warehouses (including the one that became Libby Prison), has died in a fall
Mutual Assurance insurance policy	11/20/1858; Mutual Assurance insurance policy for the buildings that became Libby Prison , taken out by George S. and Sarah J. Palmer for $16,000, with sketch of the property
Richmond Dispatch	3/11/1861; partnership of Libby and Burton is dissolved – Libby and Son to take its’ place at 20th and Cary.
Richmond Enquirer	5/3/1861; list of southern cadets who have left West Point, as well as those who refused to take the oath and resigned. Pelham and T. P. Turner are amongst the number
Richmond Dispatch	5/8/1861; recruiting rendezvous for Navy is at the warehouse of Libby & Son
Richmond Dispatch	5/9/1861; fire burns down building adjacent to Libby & Son's ship chandlery (later Libby Prison), which is saved by great exertions by firemen
Richmond Dispatch	5/10/1861; attempt to burn down Libby & Son's warehouse (later Libby Prison)
Richmond Dispatch	5/10/1861; Sailors are being recruited at the "Naval Rendezvous" which is in Libby & Son's warehouse (later Libby Prison)
Richmond Dispatch	5/11/1861; building adjacent to Libby & Son's warehouse is still burning
Richmond Enquirer	5/15/1861; destructive fire at 20th and Cary streets; Libby & Son building narrowly escapes
Richmond Dispatch	6/27/1861; advertisement that the warehouse of L. Libby & Son is available for storage - says it could store 20,000 bushels of wheat or corn
Richmond Dispatch	7/23/1861; report of the city committee to deal with wounded from the Battle of First Manassas. Drs. McCaw and Hancock (amongst others) are to go to Manassas, while Luther Libby and George S. Palmer (amongst others) are on a committee to procure accommodations.
Richmond Enquirer	9/27/1861; description of the Bethel Church Sunday school (20th and Cary streets)
Richmond Dispatch	10/1/1861; Adv. from Libby & Son - warehouse can store 20,000 bushels of wheat or 550 hhd tobacco
Summary of Libby & Son file, M346, National Archives.	10/5/1861; $7.55 worth of supplies purchased from Libby & Son
Richmond Dispatch	10/7/1861; Geo. S. Palmer renting out "two large warehouses fronting on Water and Cary streets, between 20th and 21st streets." (later Libby Prison)
Richmond Dispatch	10/18/1861; marriage notice - Mr. Thos. P. Turner marries India N. Wilson, 10/15/61 at Branch's Baptist Church, Chestfld Co.
Richmond Dispatch	11/6/1861; active lumber yard at corner 21st & Dock
Richmond Dispatch	11/12/1861; Adv. from Libby & Son for new sales items - tar, turpentine, etc
Richmond Dispatch	11/13/1861; rent notice by Geo. S. Palmer, for 2 warehouses fronting on Cary & Dock Sts
Richmond Dispatch	11/14/1861; rent notice for Libby & Son's warehouse
Richmond Dispatch	12/11/1861; Adv from Libby & Son for recently received goods – selling tar, turpentine, etc.
Richmond Dispatch	1/3/1862; Geo. S. Palmer adv warehouse for rent, fronting Cary and Dock - possibly one of the Libby Prison buildings.
Richmond Dispatch	1/14/1862; Luther Libby adv for cook, washer, ironer - apparently for personal use
Richmond Dispatch	1/16/1862; Libby & Son adv for rope for sale
Richmond Dispatch	1/29/1862; Libby & Son advertise that they have tar, rosin, and lime
Richmond Dispatch	1/29/1862; Libby & Son adv for roe herrings for sale, 20th & Cary
Richmond Dispatch	1/30/1862; rent notice, 2 large warehouse, fronting Cary & Dock, between 19-20 st
Richmond Dispatch	2/6/1862; Jas. M. Taylor in court. Walls of his bldg, corner 20th & Cary “in a dangerous condition”
Richmond Enquirer	3/6/1862; Charles Palmer and others arrested on charges of disloyalty and locked up in Castle Godwin
Richmond Dispatch	3/7/1862; Union prisoners will soon be moved to "Libby's buildings"
Summary of Libby & Son file, M346, National Archives.	3/11/1862; $43.65 paid for 118 ½ lb tarred rope for James River obstructions and transportation to Rocketts.
Richmond Dispatch	3/13/1862; commissioners conducting vote on new Constitution include Luther Libby, R. R. Howison, G. A. Myers.
Summary of Libby & Son file, M346, National Archives.	3/20/1862; $22.75 paid for barrels of Tar, Resin, and Oakum(?) for use in James River Obstructions and transportation of same to Rocketts.
Richmond Dispatch	3/21/1862; nice details on G. W. Alexander raid, 17th & Cary. Lts. Turner, Emack & Semple assisted. Arrested every male on the block – 89 in all.
Summary of Libby & Son file, M346, National Archives.	3/22/1862; $201.05 paid for a 500 lb Russia rope for use in James River Obstructions and transportation of same to Rocketts.
Richmond Dispatch	3/25/1862; Lt. George Emack adv for lost cape
Richmond Dispatch	3/27/1862; 500 Yankee prisoners transferred to Libby & Son’s warehouses
Richmond Dispatch	3/28/1862; local barman leaps from 3^rd floor of Libby – broken skull & compound fractures of all four limbs!
Richmond Dispatch	3/28/1862; body of soldier “rose to surface” at Dock, 20^th St.
Richmond Dispatch	3/29/1862; Castle Godwin takes Libby Prison overflow (more than 700 at Libby)
Richmond Dispatch	3/31/1862; excellent description of Libby Prison, describes good food and hospital
Summary of Libby & Son file, M346, National Archives.	4/2/1862; $41.50 paid for barrels of Tar, Resin, and Oakum(?) for use in James River Obstructions and transportation of same to Rocketts.
Richmond Dispatch	4/5/1862; Lt. Semple removes CS soldiers from City Jail and sends them back to their regiments
Richmond Dispatch	4/7/1862; man who leaped from 3^rd floor of CS Military Prison (Libby Prison) is dead
Richmond Dispatch	4/8/1862; T. P. Turner and G. W. Alexander make dawn raid on bars, Cary between 17^th and 18^th.
Richmond Dispatch	4/9/1862; 22 more Yankee POWs arrive, 724 prisoners total - # by category
Richmond Dispatch	4/9/1862; statistics of Libby Prison - currently 724 prisoners there
Richmond Dispatch	4/10/1862; List of the staff at Libby Prison [Turner, Emack, Warner, Higginbotham, Ross]. Also names officers commanding the guard. Notes that there were 724 inmates there yesterday, and more are coming in.
Richmond Dispatch	4/18/1862; list of new Yankee POWs at the “Confederate States Military Prison” (Libby Prison)
Richmond Dispatch	4/19/1862; boy drowns in canal near Libby Prison; prisoner tried to save him, but was denied.
Richmond Enquirer	4/19/1862; man drowns in the canal at the foot of twentieth street - taken to Dr. Higginbotham at the "Confederate prison in the vicinity", too late to save him
Richmond Whig	4/19/1862; little boy of John M. Francisco, clerk at Libby Prison, falls into the canal and drowns - a prisoner appeals to be allowed to go save the boy but is denied
Richmond Dispatch	4/21/1862; 2 wounded POWs from the 3rd Vermont brought to “Confederate States Hospital.”
Richmond Dispatch	4/23/1862; list of recently arrived POWs for Libby
Richmond Dispatch	4/25/1862; Long list of POWs arrived at Libby Prison, 4/23
Richmond Dispatch	4/26/1862; some CSA soldiers sent back to units from Libby Prison
Richmond Examiner	4/26/1862; sick prisoners in Libby
Richmond Dispatch	4/28/1862; two prostitutes arrested outside Libby Prison and confined in Libby for the night
Richmond Dispatch	4/28/1862; soldier of the 21^st MI loitering about the "C. S. Military Prisons" [Libby Prison] is taken into custody, assaults "Mr. Ross, clerk of the prison" and Lieut. Turner "who has charge of the prison" sends him to the Provost Marshal. Man attempts to escape, shot at 19th & Cary, rear of Quaker Meeting House, taken to Libby Prison, where he dies
Richmond Dispatch	5/1/1862; 13 new POWs for Libby - 7 of them disloyal citizens of Bath Co.
Richmond Dispatch	5/2/1862; Winder preparing to parole all enlisted POWs in city
Richmond Dispatch	5/6/1862; 3 POWs arrive from Valley - sent to Libby
Richmond Dispatch	5/7/1862; Pa. POW (one) brought to Libby from Valley
Richmond Dispatch	5/9/1862; 319 POWs arrive at Libby from Williamsburg, escorted by R. A. Caskie
Richmond Dispatch	5/9/1862; list of other miscellaneous Yankees brought to Libby
Richmond Enquirer	5/9/1862; 319 prisoners arrive from Williamsburg - 300 more on the way. All were put in the Libby Prison
Richmond Whig	5/9/1862; 320 POWs [officers named] arrive from Williamsburg and are taken to “Libby’s building.”
Richmond Enquirer	5/10/1862; notes on the Federal officers among the Williamsburg prisoners
Richmond Dispatch	5/12/1862; Libby so crowded, Secretary of War authorizes use of Crew & Pemberton
Richmond Dispatch	5/12/1862; T. P. Turner and Jackson Warner escort 860 Yankee POWs to Newport News. No officers included.
Richmond Enquirer	5/12/1862; nearly 1200 prisoners are now in Richmond - 860 privates paroled and sent off, under charge of Major Warner and Lt. Turner
Richmond Dispatch	5/14/1862; 7 POWs from Valley placed in Libby, including a Colonel
Richmond Dispatch	5/14/1862; description of the exchange of 860 prisoners from “Libby’s and other factories;” Lieut. Turner escorts them down and encounters the Monitor, Galena and Steven’s Battery on their way to Richmond. On the way back up, the returned prisoners were taken off the boats, and the boats (Curtis Peck, Northampton and Jamestown) scuttled in the channel to obstruct the river prior to the battle at Drewry’s Bluff
Richmond Dispatch	5/15/1862; officers from Libby Prison & “fifty of the hardest subjects” from Castle Godwin to go to Salisbury
Richmond Dispatch	5/19/1862; free negro servant of Dr. E. G. Higginbotham at Libby Prison hospital killed by sentinel
Richmond Dispatch	5/19/1862; about 45 new POWs arrive in town and taken to Libby Prison
Richmond Enquirer	5/19/1862; servant of Dr. Higginbotham shot and killed by a sentinel at Libby Prison while sweeping out the hospital
Richmond Dispatch	5/20/1862; Jackson Warner adv from Libby Prison for stolen horse
Richmond Dispatch	5/21/1862; 6 men from Ohio unit put in Libby
Richmond Enquirer	5/21/1862; 12 or 13 Yankee POWs arrive via the Danville RR, and are quartered in Libby Prison
Richmond Dispatch	5/26/1862; paragraph reminds readers of Emack’s recruiting for Md. Line
Richmond Dispatch	5/29/1862; details on a few of the latest Libby POWs
Richmond Dispatch	6/2/1862; About 50 new POWs from Seven Pines. Officers listed. Dr. Higginbotham mentioned.
Richmond Dispatch	6/3/1862; 2 Yankee officers among new batch of POWs
Richmond Dispatch	6/4/1862; 560 POWs sent away on 6/3
Richmond Dispatch	6/5/1862; 3 officers captured at Corinth are brought to Libby
Richmond Dispatch	6/5/1862; List of 21 POWs at Castle Godwin to be sent South. Also now 130 traitors in Libby Prison
Richmond Dispatch	6/6/1862; 139 wounded POWs at CS Hospital Cary St. Many others at Seabrook’s
Richmond Dispatch	6/7/1862; frame work of Mayo Bridge threatened by flooding; flood produced 2 ft water in basement of Libby Prison & CS Machine Ship (Talbott’s) had 3-4 feet.
Richmond Dispatch	6/7/1862; CSS Teaser anchored at foot of 21st St.
Richmond Dispatch	6/10/1862; A. C. Godwin memo to J. H. Winder regarding 2 POWs chosen as hostages
Richmond Whig	6/10/1862; Godwin announces the names of two captains in the “Confederate States Military Prison” [Libby Prison] to be held as hostages in retaliation for two Confederate captains
Richmond Dispatch	6/13/1862; POW from 73NY brought in
Richmond Dispatch	6/14/1862; 15 POWs arrive at Libby from Valley
Richmond Dispatch	6/16/1862; 158 prisoners arrive at Libby, plus 8 slave. All caught by JEB Stuart. Mr. Braxton Garlick of New Kent county identified several of slaves as his
Richmond Whig	6/16/1862; 160 prisoners captured by Gen. Stuart are brought to "the Libby prison"
Richmond Dispatch	6/18/1862; 11 POWs arrive for Libby
Richmond Dispatch	6/20/1862; 11 POWs brought to Libby
Richmond Dispatch	6/21/1862; 5 POWs arrive
Richmond Examiner	6/21/1862; four prisoners arrive at Libby Prison
Richmond Dispatch	6/23/1862; 2nd class juvenile militia company guarding Libby Prison stages mutiny
Richmond Dispatch	6/23/1862; 1 Yankee POW brought to Libby; several 15Va men jailed for various offenses
Richmond Examiner	6/23/1862; account of refusal of the guard at Libby Prison to do duty there
Richmond Dispatch	6/25/1862; Eight POWs arrive. One named
Richmond Whig	6/28/1862; 30 prisoners brought to Libby Prison – lists regiments
Richmond Dispatch	6/30/1862; Long list of POWs arriving in town, all officers, about 75 names
Richmond Dispatch	7/1/1862; "Libby buildings" are insufficient to hold the influx of Union prisoners - new prison being fitted up on 18th street (probably Smith's)
Richmond Dispatch	7/1/1862; $1200 in counterfeit C. S. notes found in Libby Prison; Gen. Winder has declared possession of bogus notes a criminal offense.
Richmond Dispatch	7/1/1862; 271 POWs arrive at Libby. Some of the officers named
Richmond Dispatch	7/2/1862; nearly 1000 POWs arrived on 7/1. Some officers named. McCall at Spotswood – paroled to stay in city. He will be moved to “the quarters now being prepared on 18^th street” when they are ready for “all the abolition officers”
Richmond Examiner	7/2/1862; list of prisons in use at Richmond, including Libby and others
Richmond Dispatch	7/3/1862; more than 4000 POWs in town – names of a few recent prisoners
Richmond Dispatch	7/4/1862; 425 more POWs arrive in town
Richmond Dispatch	7/5/1862; Federal officers moved from Libby to Smith & McCurdy's warehouse
Richmond Dispatch	7/5/1862; 250 POWs arrive in city, 7/4
Summary of Libby & Son file, M346, National Archives.	7/6/1862; $100.00 paid for “one month’s rent of warehouse, cor 20^th & Cary Sts; $1200 p/a (per annum).” Note below: “This factory is used as a C. S. Military Prison.” Signed by Th. P. Turner, Capt. Commanding.
Richmond Dispatch	7/7/1862; 30 POWs arrive 7/6
Richmond Examiner	7/7/1862; many Yankees brought to the "hospital on Cary, near Twentieth street"
Richmond Dispatch	7/8/1862; excellent details on Richmond prisons: Libby, Barrett's, Greanor & Palmer's factories, Officer's prison on 18th street.
Richmond Dispatch	7/8/1862; 200 wounded POWs arrive in Richmond from Haxall’s Landing. Officers listed
Richmond Dispatch	7/8/1862; Yankee preacher named Reed brought in from Savage’s, to Libby
Richmond Dispatch	7/8/1862; Paragraph on the cost of feeding Union prisoners: $2500 per day - R. B. Wilson is Jackson Warner’s Asst. as prison commissary
Richmond Dispatch	7/10/1862; 67 POWs arrived 7/9. List of 12 members of Pittsburgh Sanitary Commission, brought from Savage’s to Libby, 7/9
Richmond Dispatch	7/11/1862; 35 POWs arrive on 7/10. Said to be 500 sick and wounded at Frayser’s Farm
Richmond Enquirer	7/11/1862; 5300 prisoners at Libby & Belle Isle
Richmond Examiner	7/12/1862; cots are being made for Union wounded at Libby Prison; says that many prisoners will soon be sent to Belle Isle
Richmond Dispatch	7/14/1862; 164 POWs arrived in city 7/12/1862 – officers listed
Richmond Enquirer	7/14/1862; number now registered at the Libby Prison exceeds 6000
Richmond Examiner	7/14/1862; prisoners have been sent to Belle Isle, officers are confined in Crenshaw warehouse (within Tredegar Iron Works); account of letters sent from Libby Prison
Richmond Dispatch	7/16/1862; 14 wounded Yankees have died at Libby Prison hospital
Richmond Dispatch	7/16/1862; list of wounded POWs brought in from Savage’s. Libby Hospital too full. Had to spend night at RYRRR depot
Richmond Dispatch	7/19/1862; 5,000 prisoners on Belle Isle; Libby Prison mentioned
Richmond Dispatch	7/19/1862; List of Yankee officers sent north on 7/18
Richmond Enquirer	7/19/1862; 8000 (probably 9000) prisoners are in Richmond - 3000 at Libby, 5000 at Belle Isle
Richmond Dispatch	7/21/1862; 500 WIA/POWs to be sent off on 7/19, but insufficient transportation for all to go
Richmond Dispatch	7/21/1862; E. G. Higginbotham, at “Randolph Hospital” adv for Druggist, Matron, Steward, Nurses, Laundresses and Cooks.
Richmond Examiner	7/22/1862; prisoners at Libby sent to Belle Isle; there are 4,700 there now. Wounded prisoners (1,000) remain at Libby
Philadelphia Press	7/22/1862; lists of Pennsylvania prisoners in Richmond; describes prison of Reynold and McCall
Richmond Dispatch	7/22/1862; 500 POWs expected to be sent North on 7/22
Richmond Dispatch	7/22/1862; 3 negroes supposed to be working at Drury’s Bluff caught near Chickahominy and put in Libby. One belonged to Dr. Pollard of Hanover Co.
Richmond Examiner	7/23/1862; Libby Prison has become a hospital for sick prisoners; well prisoners are at Belle Isle. Lt. Turner is in charge
Pittsburgh Gazette	7/23/1862; List of Pennsylvania soldiers in Richmond prisons
Richmond Dispatch	7/25/1862; 600 Yankee prisoners to be exchanged from Libby Prison
Richmond Dispatch	7/26/1862; Yankee prisoners being sent off; in the future, all prisoners will be concentrated at Libby Prison to await exchange
Richmond Dispatch	7/28/1862; 1100 WIA POWs sent away over the weekend. 300 more arrive from Savage’s. Talbott & Bonn’s Factory, 18th Street, still has officers. Other factory prisons now empty. Libby will soon be empty
Richmond Dispatch	7/30/1862; 800 Yankees to be sent away on 7/31
Richmond Dispatch	8/1/1862; Sick Belle Isle prisoners have been taken to Libby, preparatory to exchange
Richmond Dispatch	8/2/1862; sick and wounded Yankees in prison at the “corner of 2d and Cary streets” not yet sent to City Point [this is probably a typo, and refers to Libby Prison at the corner of 20th and Cary]
Shippensburg (PA) News	8/2/1862; early set of letters from Libby Prison, relates especially impressions of the exchange system and his relatively short stay in prison.
Richmond Dispatch	8/4/1862; 600 Yankees have been exchanged, including women from Castle Thunder; the sickest men from Belle Isle and Libby are sent first; 4,100 remain on Belle Isle, and 400 at Libby Prison
Richmond Dispatch	8/5/1862; prisoners from Talbott & Bonn's factory (including Reynolds & McCall) have been removed to Libby Prison, due to an escape at the former place
Richmond Dispatch	8/5/1862; names of 4 new Yankee POWs
Summary of Libby & Son file, M346, National Archives.	8/6/1862; $100.00 paid for “one month’s rent of warehouse, cor 20^th & Cary Sts used as a prison.” Signed by Th. P. Turner, Capt. Commanding.
Richmond Dispatch	8/7/1862; escaped prisoners from officers' prison on 18th street have been recaptured
Richmond Dispatch	8/8/1862; 96 new prisoners arrive at Libby Prison
Richmond Dispatch	8/8/1862; two Yankee officers who recently were recaptured after an escape attempt, are under close confinement; other escapees with them have just been recaptured
Richmond Dispatch	8/9/1862; Federal officers now in Richmond will be exchanged soon, including Col. Corcoran (being transported from Lynchburg)
Richmond Dispatch	8/9/1862; Yankee prisoners, captured at Malvern hill, have been taken to Libby Prison
Richmond Dispatch	8/9/1862; prisoners from Lynchburg are arriving in Richmond, preparatory to exchange
Richmond Dispatch	8/12/1862; 140 Federal officers, including McCall, Reynolds, and Rankin have been sent off by flag of truce
Richmond Dispatch	8/12/1862; prisoners from Pope's army, including General Prince, have arrived at Libby Prison. They are not to be treated as prisoners of war
Richmond Enquirer	8/12/1862; General Prince and other prisoners from South Mountain, arrive at Libby Prison
Richmond Whig	8/12/1862; 302 prisoners, including Gen. Prince, arrive and are taken to Libby Prison, not to be treated as prisoners of war, as they were under Pope’s command.
Richmond Dispatch	8/13/1862; Description of the exchange of 140 officers, including Reynolds, McCall & Rankin
Richmond Dispatch	8/14/1862; 125 POWs from Pope’s army arrive – enlisted men put on Belle Isle. Officers not treated as prisoners of war.
Richmond Dispatch	8/14/1862; Salisbury prisoners, including Col. Corcoran and Wilcox are arriving, and the citizen prisoners have been moved to Libby from Belle Isle to accommodate them
Richmond Dispatch	8/15/1862; 3 Yankee deserters put in Libby
Richmond Dispatch	8/15/1862; Cols. Wilcox and Corcoran have arrived from Salisbury and are quartered at Libby preparatory to exchange. Enlisted men are on Belle Isle
Richmond Dispatch	8/16/1862; Corcoran, Willcox & others exchanged 8/15
Richmond Dispatch	8/18/1862; the last of the Salisbury prisoners have arrived in Richmond, preparatory to exchange
Richmond Dispatch	8/18/1862; details on the recent exchange of Union officers at Varina. Some of the officers named. Lt. T. P. Turner in charge.
Richmond Dispatch	8/19/1862; there are now 39 officers from Pope's army in Libby, not subject to treatment as prisoners of war
Richmond Dispatch	8/20/1862; Lt. Thomas P. Turner (commandant of Libby Prison) has been sent to Lynchburg, Captain Henry Wirz will succeed him in command
Richmond Dispatch	8/21/1862; few prisoners have arrived at Libby Prison; it now contains 500 men
Richmond Dispatch	8/21/1862; description of the staff at Libby Prison
Richmond Dispatch	8/22/1862; C. S. deserters have been moved to Castle Thunder from Libby Prison - now Libby has only Yankee prisoners
Richmond Dispatch	8/22/1862; guards for Castle Thunder and Libby Prison are quartered at the Friends' Meeting House, corner of 19th and Cary streets
Official Records, Ser. II, Vol. IV, p. 865	8/27/1862; Henry Wirz has been appointed to command Richmond Prisons; issues orders to Norris Montgomery, cmdg Belle Isle, to furnish updated lists of prisoners
RG 109, Ch. 6, Vol. 199.5, p. 15	8/28/1862; Wirz notes on the sparse armament for the guard at Libby Prison
Richmond Dispatch	8/29/1862; 332 POWs arrive and taken to Libby - officers listed
Richmond Whig	8/29/1862; 357 prisoners captured by Gen. Stuart arrive at “Libby’s prison”
Richmond Dispatch	9/1/1862; 60 POWs arrive at Central depot
Richmond Whig	9/1/1862; “60 Yankee prisoners” arrive at Libby Prison, and are witnessed by “a large crowd”
Richmond Dispatch	9/3/1862; 8 Yankee POWs arrive. No officers. 2,000 more soon to arrive.
Richmond Dispatch	9/4/1862; 60 POWs arrive – 8 officers. Clerks are busy on Belle Isle preparing lists for exchange.
Richmond Dispatch	9/5/1862; list of Yankee officer POWs who arrive yesterday
Summary of Libby & Son file, M346, National Archives.	9/6/1862; $100.00 paid for “one month’s rent of warehouse used as a prison. $1200.00 per year. Cor 20^th & Cary St.”
Richmond Dispatch	9/6/1862; prisoner shot by guard at Libby Prison; guard put in Castle Thunder
Richmond Dispatch	9/6/1862; There are 58 officers from Pope's army in Libby Prison - they are not treated as prisoners of war
RG 109, Ch. 6, Vol. 199.5, p. 19	9/7/1862; Wirz orders Capt. Elliot, of the City Battalion, to send 20 guards to Libby Prison, in order to conduct prisoners to Belle Isle
Richmond Dispatch	9/8/1862; 500 prisoners paroled (400 from Belle Isle, 100 from Libby), guarded by men from Camp Lee
Richmond Dispatch	9/8/1862; list of about 60 officers recently arrived at Libby Prison from Manassas
Richmond Dispatch	9/11/1862; 26 POWs arrive, plus laundress of 26 Pa., who was sent to Castle Thunder
Richmond Dispatch	9/12/1862; list of commissioned officers POW at Williamsburg & arrived at Richmond. Two “vivandiers” also caught & put into Castle Thunder
Richmond Dispatch	9/12/1862; list of 33 officers from Pope’s army lodged in Libby on 9/11
Richmond Dispatch	9/12/1862; General Winder orders more detailed descriptive lists of prisoners
Richmond Dispatch	9/12/1862; Libby presently has 31 Northern free negroes & 16 slaves
Richmond Dispatch	9/13/1862; 8 full companies of Marylanders formed in the city. Those of Emack, Smith, Murray & Crane have left to join Stonewall Jackson, others ready to go
Richmond Dispatch	9/13/1862; All 5912 Yankee POWs to be exchanged soon. About 3000 to leave today
Richmond Dispatch	9/15/1862; 3,300 prisoners, including 61 officers, have been exchanged at Aiken's Landing. Some of the prisoners were women and deserters held in Castle Thunder
Richmond Dispatch	9/15/1862; 41 inmates arrive yesterday at Castle Thunder, 10 at Libby
Richmond Dispatch	9/16/1862; two more of Pope's officers have been confined at Libby Prison
Richmond Dispatch	9/18/1862; 250 of 600 Yankees in Richmond to be sent away on exchange today. Officers listed
Richmond Dispatch	9/23/1862; Young man wanted to “assist” at Dibrell’s Warehouse, corner of Cary and 21st.
Richmond Dispatch	9/24/1862; 360 federal prisoners in Libby Prison; more arriving
Richmond Dispatch	9/24/1862; Pope's officers, including General Prince, will be paroled today from Libby Prison
Richmond Dispatch	9/24/1862; Pope's officers, including General Prince, will be paroled today from Libby Prison
Richmond Dispatch	9/25/1862; 150 POWs sent to Aiken’s Landing on 9/24
Richmond Dispatch	9/26/1862; Capt. Henry Wirz has been sent south to forward all remaining POWs to Richmond to be exchanged, and get records on paroled prisoners
Richmond Dispatch	9/27/1862; 150 POWs to be sent to Aiken’s Landing, probably today. 500 more POWs to arrive soon from Gordonsville, and if they arrive in time, may be exchanged
Richmond Dispatch	9/27/1862; 21 POWs taken in NC and brought to Libby Prison
Richmond Dispatch	9/29/1862; more on Wirz's mission south, and estimates there are 5,000-6,000 remaining Yankee prisoners throughout the South
Richmond Dispatch	9/29/1862; 429 POWs arrive 9/28 – nine officers
Richmond Dispatch	9/29/1862; 67 POWs arrive from Tennessee
Richmond Enquirer	9/29/1862; man charged with operating a "disorderly house" near Dr. Higginbotham's Hospital
Richmond Dispatch	9/30/1862; 500 Yankees to go to Varina this week, including many from the Libby Hospital
Richmond Dispatch	9/30/1862; list of recently arrived POW officers
Richmond Dispatch	9/30/1862; enormous list from Winder of “negroes now confined in the Military Prisons, in Richmond” – where from, who owned by (if slave)
Richmond Dispatch	10/1/1862; 150 new prisoners at Libby, arrived from Charleston
Richmond Dispatch	10/2/1862; 98 captured negroes in Libby – 46 slave, 52 Northern/free, travelling with AoP
William A. Carrington CSR (M331) (no. 16)	10/3/1862; inspection report for Castle Thunder Hospital and Libby Prison Hospital
Richmond Dispatch	10/4/1862; Henry Wirz on special POW duty in south. Capt. Thomas D. Jeffress, 56th Va., in temporary command at Libby
Summary of Libby & Son file, M346, National Archives.	10/6/1862; $100.00 paid for “one month’s rent of factory, Corner 20^th & Cary Sts from Sept 6^th to date.” Signed by Th. P. Turner, Capt. Commanding.
Richmond Dispatch	10/7/1862; 735 USA prisoners sent from Libby for exchange, leaving 212. The prison hospital, lately at Palmer’s factory, will be moved “back to the west end of the Libby building.”
Richmond Dispatch	10/8/1862; Mr. Wood, keeper of Old Capitol Prison in Washington, arrives in Richmond to negotiate for prisoners; 243 “political or civil” prisoners now in Libby
Richmond Dispatch	10/8/1862; Castle Thunder hospital closed 10/7 & 60 plus patients there moved to Libby
Richmond Dispatch	10/9/1862; two Federal generals, captured at Shiloh, as well as 1200 soldiers and 214 officers are expected in Richmond soon
Richmond Dispatch	10/10/1862; auction of condemned tents to be held in front of Libby Prison
Richmond Dispatch	10/13/1862; flag of truce left Libby for Varina, with many officers captured at Shiloh - total number of exchanged officers and men: 393
Richmond Dispatch	10/23/1862; 60 citizen prisoners in Libby Prison will be sent North. More civilian prisoners are on their way from Salisbury, N. C.
Richmond Dispatch	10/23/1862; T. P. Turner has been promoted to Captain and will return to be commandant of Libby Prison. In the meantime, Capt. Alexander will command both Libby and Castle Thunder
Richmond Dispatch	10/23/1862; Confederate deserters, confined in Libby Prison hospital, escaped
Richmond Dispatch	10/30/1862; 8 Yankees arrive at Libby Prison from Suffolk
Richmond Enquirer	11/7/1862; two federal deserters and one prisoner lodged in Libby Prison
Richmond Examiner	11/10/1862; Libby Prison items - 150 yankees paroled
Richmond Dispatch	10/16/1862; 540 Yankee POWs from Tennessee arrive 10/15 – quartered at Libby
Richmond Dispatch	10/16/1862; 4 Yankee POWs, 1st Md. Cavy, arrive. Wanted for war crimes in Valley.
Richmond Dispatch	10/17/1862; 9th Pa. Cavalry Colonel moved from Libby to Castle Thunder – under accusations of bad behavior in Tennessee. Also 17 deserters arrived there from South & 4 1st Md. (US) Cavalry charged with murder
Richmond Dispatch	10/20/1862; 630 POWs sent away 10/19 by flag of truce
Richmond Dispatch	10/21/1862; 30 disloyal Tennesseans lodged at Libby – sent to Varina yesterday
Richmond Dispatch	10/21/1862; 55 men, soldiers & civilian, captured by JEB Stuart, arrived for Libby
Richmond Dispatch	10/23/1862; 24 POWs captured at Haymarket arrive at Libby
Richmond Dispatch	10/27/1862; two Yankee soldiers moved from Libby to Castle Thunder, to be tried as spies
Richmond Dispatch	10/27/1862; Lt. 5PaCav only new POW at Libby
Richmond Dispatch	10/28/1862; 21 POWs caught at Catlett’s Station arrive at Libby
Richmond Dispatch	10/31/1862; 85 POWs sent from Libby to Varina, 10/30
Richmond Enquirer	11/17/1862; Federal deserters put in Libby Prison
RG 109, Ch. 9, Vol. 199.5, p. 32	11/18/1862; "stupid sentinel" at Libby Prison is caught allowing trading with the prisoners to go on
Richmond Whig	11/18/1862; 110 prisoners brought to Richmond on the Central railroad along with a “number of sutlers”
RG 109, Ch. 9, Vol. 199.5, p. 33	11/19/1862; T. P. Turner enlists the help of G. W. Alexander to catch an escaped Libby prisoner. E. Ross signs as clerk
Official Records, Ser. II, Vol. IV, pp. 741-742	11/20/1862; Details on certain prisoners
Richmond Whig	12/5/1862; Union man arrives at Libby Prison from Stafford county – imprisoned in Libby as a spy
RG 109, Ch. 9, Vol. 199.5, p. 37	12/8/1862; T. P. Turner reports on employees at Libby and their salaries; Libby has a clerk, druggist, and steward
Richmond Enquirer	12/18/1862; George W. Hitchcock, Assistant quartermaster at "Libby and other prisons" dies of small pox at Howard's Grove. A North Carolinian also died at Castle Thunder of pneumonia
Richmond Enquirer	12/18/1862; up to yesterday, 299 prisoners had arrived from the Rappahannock. Yesterday, 460 more arrive
Richmond Enquirer	12/19/1862; drunken woman drowns her child near Libby Prison
Richmond Enquirer	12/19/1862; list of captured Yankee officers from Fredericksburg put in Libby Prison