These sources are either non-specific references to the prisons in Richmond,
or important sources on the general policies of exchange and treatment of
prisoners.
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
6/13/1861; four prisoners of war
arrive in Richmond |
|
Richmond Enquirer |
6/15/1861; Prisoners captured at Big Bethel are
quartered at the Customs House - Richmonders flock to see the captured
Yankees |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
6/25/1861; names of U. S. prisoners
of war now confined in Richmond |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/1/1861;
two POWs arrive and are taken to the prison depot (Ligon's prison) |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/2/1861;
prison depot is located two blocks from the Henrico Court House, and
contains 75-100 prisoners |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/15/1861; description of the wild
reaction in Richmond when "live Yankees" pass through the town |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/16/1861; POWs from Yorktown
arrive, and are taken to the prison depot; some are from the "scum of
Baltimore," and one a spy |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/18/1861; some prisoners removed
from the Prison depot to parts unknown |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/20/1861; belief expressed that
there will be a large number of prisoners arriving soon; 21 brought in
yesterday |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/22/1861; 56 prisoners arrived
yesterday and were taken to the prison depot on Main street |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/24/1861; 631 prisoners arrive
from Manassas and are taken to the prison depot - six hundred more are
expected soon |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/25/1861; trains arrive from
Manassas bearing wounded, who are taken to private homes for treatment;
500-600 POWs are set to arrive; the prison depot is already full; notes
that General Corcoran arrived in Richmond two days ago |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/25/1861; wounded POWs of
Ellsworth's Zouaves are taken to the Alms House for treatment - expresses
belief that these men are a very "hard set," and "villains
of a low degree," and don't deserve any kindness |
|
Richmond
Whig |
7/25/1861; wounded soldiers and Yankee
prisoners are arriving in Richmond |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/26/1861; 17 Union surgeons are
POWs; one is the son of a big New York tobacco merchant and is in Howard's
factory |
|
Richmond
Whig |
7/26/1861; "Prison depot," at corner
of Main and 25th street is being visited by curious Richmonders |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
7/30/1861;
City
Alms House Hospital (Gen. Hos. #1) described. Used as a prison at this
time. |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/31/1861; 78 wounded POWs brought
to Richmond, including a Richmonder in exile |
|
Richmond
Whig |
7/31/1861; prisoner shot at for talking out
the windows of his prison |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/1/1861; two POWs arrive - one a
spy |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/2/1861; 70 wounded POWs brought
to Richmond |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/2/1861; hospital established for prisoners at Ross'
Factory |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/3/1861; the number of wounded
POWs is now near 500 and more arriving; medicines will be needed |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/5/1861; 74 new Yankee POWs arrive
- housed at prison in Jefferson Ward |
|
Richmond
Whig |
8/5/1861; description of the "prison
depot," particularly Harwood's factory, and recommendations for
treatment of prisoners |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/6/1861; 17 Yankee POWs have died
in Richmond so far |
|
Richmond
Whig |
8/5/1861; description of the "prison
depot," particularly Harwood's factory, and recommendations for
treatment of prisoners |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/9/1861; notes on high POW mortality |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/9/1861; 11 Yankee POWs arrive |
|
Richmond
Whig |
8/10/1861; appeal for the Alms House to be
occupied by Confederate wounded, and the Yankees moved out. Praises the
hospital as a "large
and airy building" |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/12/1861; letter from POW of 69th
NY, at Alms House Hospital |
|
Richmond
Whig |
8/14/1861; recommendation that negroes be
employed as hospital assistants and that Yankees be moved out of the Alms
House |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/15/1861; Yankee POW escapes from
Harwood's Factory, but recaptured - details on capture by Henrico minister |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/15/1861; a dozen Manassas POWs
arrive, and taken to the prison on Main Street |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/15/1861; notes on individual prisoners
recently arrived from Norfolk |
|
Richmond
Whig |
8/17/1861; reiteration of appeal to move
Yankees out of Alms House |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/22/1861; 2 POWs recaptured after
escaping from Main St. prison |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/22/1861; short extract from
letter of Yankee POW, describing prison building |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/26/1861; member of CS guard at
Ligon's factory shoots his officer |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/27/1861; 21 new POWs arrive |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/30/1861; 13 POWs arrive |
|
Richmond
Whig |
9/3/1861; great description of the Richmond
prisons and some of the prisoners; notes that there are 1725 prisoners in
Richmond |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/6/1861; Yankees attempt to escape from prison,
shot by sentries on Libby Hill. |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
9/6/1861; Yankee surgeon, tending to prisoners,
has made his escape |
|
Richmond
Whig |
9/16/1861; four Yankee prisoners escape from
prison depot, two are shot and the others are recaptured |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/17/1861; General Winder will move his
headquarters to the corner of 9th and Broad streets |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/18/1861; notes on Yankee prisoners and the
cost of keeping them in Richmond |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/19/1861; six Yankees have escaped from prison |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/21/1861; Yankee surgeons in Richmond to be
paroled |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/23/1861; 13 Yankee prisoners from Cheat
Mountain (including a member of McClellan's staff) brought to town |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/23/1861; notes on Union surgeons released on
parole |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/23/1861; Yankee prisoner in the "lower
prison, near Rocketts" shot and killed for verbally abusing a sentinel.
Sentinel praised for doing his duty. Prisoner buried at Shockoe Cemetery |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/24/1861; Yankee prisoner shot by a sentinel;
buried at Shockoe |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
9/26/1861; 50 patients in Main Street Hospital
(Ross' Factory) |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/2/1861; excellent account of the arrival in
Richmond of federal prisoners and their route through the city to Mayo's
factory prison |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
10/4/1861; Three Yankees escaped from prison
(non-specific) |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
10/4/1861; Gen. Winder wants a company of 100
men, unfit for field service, to perform duty in the city of Richmond |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
10/4/1861; Yankee prisoners, kept at General
Hospital #1, to be exchanged |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
10/4/1861; Yankee prisoner escapes from Ross'
Factory |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/5/1861; details on four Yankee prisoners
brought to the city |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
10/5/1861; statistics and praise of
the “Confederate States Prison Hospital, at Rocketts.” Notes 41 deaths have
occurred, and praises Dr. E. G. Higginbotham at length. |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
10/5/1861; Gen. Winder adv for 100 men to serve in a company “to perform
duty in the city.” |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/7/1861;
flag of truce
boat carries away 57 POWs - Charles Bell Gibson and St. George Peachy
accompany the departing prisoners |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
10/7/1861; Hon. Alfred Ely (US Congressman)
presented with a mock sword in prison |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
10/8/1862; Mr.
Wood, keeper of Old Capitol Prison in Washington, arrives in Richmond to
negotiate for prisoners; 243 “political or civil” prisoners now in Libby |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
10/11/1861; 40 Federal prisoners being treated at
GH#1; details about Mrs. Ricketts coming to Richmond to nurse her wounded
husband |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/16/1861;
36 WIA prisoners
transferred from Alms House to prison. Authorities hope to use Alms House
for CSA only |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
10/16/1861; Federal prisoners removed from GH#1
and moved to prison on Main st. |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/21/1861; arrival of more federal prisoners;
there are now 1,189 prisoners in Richmond |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/24/1861;
details on the
anxiety at the Central depot over the non-arrival of prisoners; too many
prisoners in town; Plans afoot to convert a tobacco factory on 25th into a
prison |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/25/1861;
Enormous
description of arrival of POWs at VA Central depot. Sent to Mayo's Factory,
corner 25th and Cary. Much on 18th & 19th GA as guards. Wm. Harris, future
author, is among the prisoners |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/25/1861;
Good paragraph on
18th GA, camped at Bloody Run, Guarding POWs |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/28/1861; Taylor's Factory has been taken as
a prison |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
10/28/1861; description of Richmond's attitude
toward U. S. prisoners |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
11/4/1861; Yankee prisoners, taken
to Chimborazo, make their escape |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
11/4/1861; 2,685 prisoners have
come to Richmond so far; those who remain number 1,714 |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
11/4/1861;
Soldiers guarding
prisons are building fires in streets to keep warm |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
11/4/1861; Two Yankee prisoners,
permitted leave in the city, attempt to escape, but are re-captured |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
11/6/1861;
Capt. Gibbs in
command of the military prisons in Richmond |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
11/12/1861; statistics of burials in Shockoe
cemetery during the last quarter, including 97 Union POWs |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
11/12/1861; 247 dead POWs interred
in Shockoe Hill burial ground |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
11/18/1861; great description of the prison
system in Richmond with list of employees (included Wirz and Higginbotham).
Notes that over 2000 POWs now in Richmond |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
11/21/1861;
2 CS soldier
guards in trouble for shooting at POWs – one fatality, the other a miss.
Names given, prison not ID'ed |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
11/21/1861; sentinel at unnamed prison charged
and acquitted of shooting at the prisoners |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
11/21/1861; sentinel at "Confederate Prison No.
2" accidentally shot two prisoners, one mortally. Mentions that he was on a
hill behind the prison when his musket accidentally discharged. Mayor finds
that the incident was an accident |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
11/25/1861; More POWs arrive at
Richmond. |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
11/25/1861; 3 POWs died in prison. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/29/1862; 245
Federal soldiers to be paroled at City Point today – officers named,
including Col. Thos. J. Jordan, 9th PA, who for some time was in Castle
Thunder |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
11/30/1861;
31 POWs arrive –
now a total of 1483 in town – names 4 POWs who died 11/29 |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
12/5/1861;
Dr. Higginbotham
given a hand-made pipe by a grateful POW patient |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
12/10/1861; list of clothing for Massachusetts
prisoners |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
12/10/1861; "Negro Prisoners of War" |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
12/10/1861; List of deceased Prisoners of War |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
12/10/1861; 3 officers and one VMI cadet are
ordered from the Camp of Instruction to duty in the prisons (includes T. P.
Turner and Geo. Emack) |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
12/18/1861; Notes on
prisoners of war - notes that Capt. Ricketts and his wife will be released
today |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
12/18/1861; Capt. Ricketts and his wife are to
be sent North - notes that while in Richmond they were visited by Pres.
Davis and others |
|
New
York Herald |
12/23/1861; non-specific description of harsh
treatment of Union POWs in Richmond; notes that Tredegar has produced a
submarine to operate against the blockade |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
12/27/1861;
Slave of T. & S.
Hardgrove punished for providing whiskey to POWs |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
12/30/1861;
update on Yankee
POWs - much cheerfulness among the prisoners |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
1/2/1862; 240 prisoners of war to
be exchanged; 2 POWs from the 23rd PA arrive |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
1/3/1862; Short list of
prominent POWs being sent North |
|
New
York Herald |
1/6/1862; notes on returned Yankee POWs and the
treatment they received in Richmond - notes Dr. Higginbotham for his
beneficence and a "Swiss sergeant" [probably Wirz] who is very cruel |
|
Richmond
Whig |
1/6/1862; Mr. John Francisco has
been appointed clerk of Confederate prisons in Richmond. Also, last Friday
239 prisoners were exchanged |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
1/7/1862; Alfred Ely’s lengthy account of time in Richmond. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
1/9/1862; 160 POWs to be
sent North |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
1/15/1862; two Yankees escape from prison |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
1/17/1862; 160 POWs to leave Richmond |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
1/18/1862; 148 prisoners leave for exchange |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
1/23/1862; 4 POWs arrive on the Richmond and Danville Railroad |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
1/24/1862;
3 POWs arrive escorted by Capt. Griffin, 6th
Ga., and are lodged in "the military prison" |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
1/27/1862;
5 Yankee POWs (named) leaving for exchange |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
1/30/1862;
Salisbury Prison ready to take 700 POWs now
in Richmond |
|
Richmond
Whig |
1/30/1862; Yankee prisoners on one
side of Main street are selling carved bones to Confederate prisoners on the
other. |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
2/3/1862;
Lt. J. L. S. Kirby, CSA, on duty at prisons
in Richmond, ordered to Salisbury to report to Gibbs |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
2/6/1862;
Yankee POW arrives - a German |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
2/10/1862;
370 local POWs due to be exchanged |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
2/13/1862;
naval captain brought to Richmond prison as
a spy |
|
Richmond
Whig |
3/3/1862; Jefferson Davis'
proclamation that Richmond is under martial law and forced prohibition; Gen.
John H. Winder will enforce this proclamation; Capt. A. C. Godwin is
appointed Provost Marshal of Richmond. All private firearms must be turned
in |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
3/6/1862; Due to recent Unionist mischief, all
Union prisoners (500 in number) are denied access to anyone or anything from
the outside |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
3/6/1862; 21 prisoners now at Castle Godwin;
general discussion of suitable buildings for prisons |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
3/20/1862; 31 new prisoners installed in warehouses on Main st., 12 of them
CSA soldiers |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
3/22/1862; 77 Unionists from Loudon County incarcerated in “military prison
on Main street.” |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
4/9/1862; 22 more Yankee POWs arrive, 724 prisoners total - # by category |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
4/22/1862; 14 Yankee POWs arrive via the VCRR |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
4/24/1862; Lt. R. M. Booker has become one of the Assistant Provost Marshals
of the city – he had previously been one of the officers in charge of the
C.S. Military Prison on Main street |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
5/9/1862; 319 prisoners arrive from
Williamsburg - 300 more on the way. All were put in the Libby Prison |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
5/10/1862; notes on the Federal officers among
the Williamsburg prisoners |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
5/12/1862; T. P. Turner and Jackson Warner escort 860 Yankee POWs to Newport
News. No officers included. |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
5/12/1862; nearly 1200 prisoners are now in
Richmond - 860 privates paroled and sent off, under charge of Major Warner
and Lt. Turner |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
5/13/1862; More than 800 POWs sent away for exchange |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
5/13/1862; 913 Yankee POWs in the city |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
5/15/1862; officers from Libby Prison & “fifty of the hardest subjects” from
Castle Godwin to go to Salisbury |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
5/22/1862; Warner Lewis, ADC to J. H. Winder, raising company for garrison,
guard & prison duty |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
5/27/1862; soldier escapes from the
"Confederate Guard House, on Franklin street" and promptly recaptured - he
broke his ankle in the escape |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
5/28/1862; brief description of
fighting at Hanover Court House. 56 prisoners brought to Richmond. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
6/4/1862; 560
POWs sent away on 6/3 |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
6/6/1862; 139
wounded POWs at CS Hospital Cary St. Many others at Seabrook’s |
|
Richmond
Whig |
6/10/1862; notice from Griswold that all detectives
will carry certificates of identification |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
6/17/1862;
paragraph on G. W. Alexander, now AAG to Winder by late promotion |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
6/21/1862; G.O.
#1, Prison Series, from Winder: W. S. Winder, AAG, in charge of prison
corresp. Capt. Henry Wirtz in charge of new district covering Manchester &
Bridges |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
6/23/1862; Henry
Wirtz’s office is in Manchester |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
6/30/1862; Long
list of POWs arriving in town, all officers, about 75 names |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
7/1/1862; any more Yankees brought to the city
will be housed in Warwick and Barksdale's mills (Gallego Mills) |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/1/1862; C. S.
Cavalry escorting POWS on 6/29 brings 3 flags: U.S., N. J. State flag, &
Massachusetts regimental flag. Deposited in War Office. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/2/1862; nearly
1000 POWs arrived on 7/1. Some officers named. McCall at Spotswood – paroled
to stay in city. He will be moved to “the quarters now being prepared on 18th
street” when they are ready for “all the abolition officers” |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
7/2/1862; list of prisons in use at
Richmond, including Libby and others |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/3/1862; more than 4000
POWs in town – names of a few recent prisoners |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
7/5/1862; new prisons needed;
Warwick's mill is being prepared |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
7/7/1862; Camp Lee is being
considered for use as a prison |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/8/1862; Lt.
Trabue, ex-Richmond Howitzers, now “General Superintendent” of prisons.
Ordered to “see that the guard do their duty.” Trabue had previously been an
artillery instructor at Camp Lee |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
7/14/1862; notes that the prison on Franklin
street (probably Grant's Factory) is near a candle factory, and that both of
these things are poorly placed within a residential neighborhood - argues
that prisons should be in a less populated areas |
|
Richmond
Whig |
7/16/1862; description of Gen.
Winder’s office and the business of his duties |
|
Pittsburgh Gazette |
7/17/1862; description of the capture of Gen.
McCall – notes that he is being quartered at the Spotswood Hotel in Richmond |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
7/19/1862; mortality among wounded prisoners is
very great - 20 died at the York River RR depot |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/21/1862; 500
WIA/POWs to be sent off on 7/19, but insufficient transportation for all to
go |
|
Pittsburgh
Gazette |
7/21/1862; list of western
Pennsylvania prisoners in "Hope Prison" in Richmond |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/22/1862; 500
POWs expected to be sent North on 7/22 |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/22/1862; Fake
provost officer murders a man - paragraph within testimony from Lt. Booker
describing Provost Procedure for arrests |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/25/1862;
scathing editorial on poor quality of guards at city prisons – Castle Godwin
mentioned specifically |
|
New
York Herald |
7/28/1862; wonderful general description of the
city of Richmond - mentions, Hollywood, Tredegar, the Almshouse, appearance
of the prisons, Odd Fellows Hall, and the James River and Kanawha Canal |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/28/1862; 1100
WIA POWs sent away over the weekend. 300 more arrive from Savage’s. Talbott
& Bonn’s Factory, 18th Street, still has officers. Other factory prisons now
empty. Libby will soon be empty |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
7/30/1862; 800
Yankees to be sent away on 7/31 |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
8/1/1862; Martin
Hogan, deserter, to be shot 8/5. He is in a Richmond prison now. |
|
Charleston
Mercury |
8/2/1862; "War Gossip" mentions criticism
of the Dix-Hill Prisoner Cartel, the condemnation of Gen. Butler, South
Carolinians at Camp Lee, and describes the newly formed Belle Isle Prison -
notes that there are 4600 POWs there |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/6/1862; 3,000 Belle Isle
prisoners have been exchanged; no officers this time; says there are 1,700
prisoners left |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/6/1862; 2,500 Lynchburg prisoners
and 600 Salisbury prisoners will be brought to Richmond for exchange,
including Col. O. B. Wilcox, ad Col. Michael Corcoran |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
8/8/1862; escaped federal officers have been
recaptured and put in Greanor prison |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
8/8/1862; prisons will soon be empty due to
exchanges |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/9/1862; Federal officers now in
Richmond will be exchanged soon, including Col. Corcoran (being
transported from Lynchburg) |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/9/1862; prisoners from Lynchburg
are arriving in Richmond, preparatory to exchange |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/11/1862; 2500 Yankees have arrived
from Lynchburg, and are awaiting exchange on Belle Isle |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/12/1862; 140 Federal officers,
including McCall, Reynolds, and Rankin have been sent off by flag of truce |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/12/1862; prisoners from Pope's
army, including General Prince, have arrived at Libby Prison. They
are not to be treated as prisoners of war |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/13/1862; Description of the
exchange of 140 officers, including Reynolds, McCall & Rankin |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/14/1862; Salisbury prisoners,
including Col. Corcoran and Wilcox are arriving, and the citizen prisoners
have been moved to Libby from Belle Isle to accommodate them |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
8/15/1862; description of a military
prison (provost prison similar in purpose to Castle Thunder) in Manchester |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
8/16/1862;
Corcoran, Willcox & others exchanged 8/15 |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
8/18/1862;
details on the recent exchange of Union officers at Varina. Some of the
officers named. Lt. T. P. Turner in charge. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
8/21/1862; Mayo
factory on 19th between Main and Franklin |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
8/29/1862; 332
POWs arrive |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/1/1862; 60 POWs
arrive at Central depot |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/3/1862; 200
exchanged Confederates arrive on 9/2, including N. R. Fitzhugh & Belle Boyd |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/3/1862; 8
Yankee POWs arrive. No officers. 2,000 more soon to arrive. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/3/1862; 2000
Yankees expected to go to Varina on 9/5 |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/5/1862; 2500
Belle Isle POWs to be sent to Varina today |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/12/1862;
General Winder orders more detailed descriptive lists of prisoners |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
9/12/1862; a "considerable traffic" is going on
with federal prisoners for United States currency |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/13/1862; All
5912 Yankee POWs to be exchanged soon. About 3000 to leave today |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/18/1862; 250 of
600 Yankees in Richmond to be sent away on exchange today. Officers listed |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/20/1862; 40
POWs arrive |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/25/1862; 150
POWs sent to Aiken’s Landing on 9/24 |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/27/1862; 150
POWs to be sent to Aiken’s Landing, probably today. 500 more POWs to arrive
soon from Gordonsville, and if they arrive in time, may be exchanged |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/29/1862; among
next batch of northbound prisoners will be A. McMillen & John May, ex-Castle
Godwin men now in Castle Thunder. Also Yankee females |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
9/30/1862; 500
Yankees to go to Varina this week, including many from the Libby Hospital |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
10/4/1862; office
of Provost Marshal of Manchester abolished |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
10/20/1862; 630
POWs sent away 10/19 by flag of truce |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
10/21/1862; 30
disloyal Tennesseans lodged at Libby – sent to Varina yesterday |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
10/30/1862; All
of Griswold’s detectives fired by Winder. Griswold’s office at corner 9th &
Broad. Booker still Asst. Provost Marshal, western district. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
10/31/1862; more
on Winder’s dismissal of Griswold’s detectives |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
10/31/1862; 85
POWs sent from Libby to Varina, 10/30 |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/7/1862; 2
paragraphs on Winder’s re-organization of city provost & police force. Names
some of the officer. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/7/1862; 120
Federals to be sent off for exchange today |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/10/1862; 300
left in Libby after Lt. V. Bossieux escorts 150 to Varina. |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/11/1862; POW
exchange point now switched |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/21/1862; Ould
& Ludlow agree that all future exchanges to be at City Point. 520 Yankees to
leave for there this day |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/22/1862; Lt.
Bossieux to escort 500 POWs to City Point today |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/24/1862; Lt.
Bossieux left on 11/22 with 417 prisoners for City Point |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
11/25/1862; 17
POWs arrive |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
12/1/1862; more
than 300 sent to City Point 11/30, leaving around 450 in town |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
12/2/1862; list
of officer POWs received lately. 104 POWs arrived 11/30 & 71 more on Dec.
1st |
|
Richmond Dispatch |
12/12/1862; flag
of truce exchange expected soon, to include 3 women spies (named) now at
Castle Thunder. |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
4/6/1863; the Richmond City
Battalion (25th Bn VA Inf) is understood to be leaving the city for active
service due to unsavory types infesting its ranks |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
4/8/1863; many prisoners have
arrived at Libby Prison; a flag of truce exchanged prisoners yesterday |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
5/5/1863; 550 Yankee prisoners
(including 2 generals) will be exchanged today from Libby Prison |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
5/6/1863; more prisoners have
arrived at Libby Prison; 219 officers and 303 men were exchanged yesterday |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
5/13/1863; editorial description of
opinion regarding Yankee prisoners (very negative) |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
5/14/1863; over 7,000 prisoners
from Libby Prison and Belle Isle have been exchanged |
|
Richmond
Dispatch |
5/14/1863; Capt. Jos.
Griswold, Provost Marshal of Richmond resigns, and is replaced by Capt.
James Brown |
|
Richmond
Sentinel |
7/30/1863; more Union officers arrive - 512 POW
officers are now in Richmond |
|
Report
of the Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War |
1863; prisoner's account of harsh treatment in
Richmond. Notes that while at the General Hospital (GH#1) he was
well-treated; at the tobacco warehouse he was not. Also notes that "a
lady named Van Lew" helped provide for him while in prison until she
was stopped by prison authorities |
|
Richmond
Sentinel |
11/28/1863; 16,411 prisoners in
Richmond and Belle Isle. 952 of the number are officers. |
|
RG 109, Ch. 6, Vol. 7, no page |
12/4/1863; "Hospitals for prisoners of war are
placed on the same footing as other C. S. hospitals in all respects, and
will be managed accordingly" |
|
VHS 1/30/1864 |
1/30/1864; letter from the surgeon at the Small
Pox Hospital stating that a "large number" of prisoners of war there desire
to take the oath of allegiance to the Confederacy |
|
Richmond
Enquirer |
2/19/1864; "The Feeding of the Prisoners"
testimony from the butcher who supplied Chimborazo Hospital and Gen. Winder
(for prisoners) with meat - shoots down the idea that the prisoners are
inadequately supplied, while noting that they may not have gotten the best
beef |
|
Richmond
Whig |
3/3/1864; Major Elias Griswold has
been relieved as Provost Marshal of Richmond, and sent to Americus, Ga.
Major I. Carrington succeeds him |
|
Richmond
Sentinel |
3/4/1864; 600 prisoners from Libby Prison have
been shipped off to Americus, GA (Andersonville) |
|
Richmond
Sentinel |
3/8/1864; a number of Yankee prisoners have
recently been exchanged |
|
Richmond Sentinel |
3/9/1864; One of Gen. Winder's
detectives (Cashmeyer) has been arrested while passing letters to a Yankee
prisoner on a flag of truce boat |
|
Richmond
Whig |
3/23/1864; only 1800 prisoners left
in Richmond, the 12,000 who were here recently have been sent south or
exchanged. Encourages the government not to allow such an accumulation of
prisoners again |
|
Richmond
Whig |
3/31/1864; City Battalion (25th
Battn. Va. Inf.) have been sent to Chaffin's Farm. Now the 28th Va. Battn.
does the guard duty |
|
Richmond
Whig |
4/5/1864; Mr. Thomas W. Doswell has
been appointed Asst. Provost Marshal, succeeding G. W. Alexander |
|
Richmond
Whig |
6/2/1864; tobacco factories on Main
and Franklin near Church Hill have been re-occupied as prisons, and the
guards are forcing people off the sidewalk. Major Turner puts a stop to this
practice |
|
Richmond
Examiner |
6/4/1864; 800 Yankee wounded are
in Richmond |
|
Charleston
Mercury |
9/20/1864; editorial notation describing the
utilization of prisoners from Libby as laborers - questions whether this can
be expanded (copied from the Richmond Examiner) |
|
Franklin
(PA) Repository |
2/22/1865; announcement of the death of Gen.
John H. Winder |
|
DeForest
(81st NY), Random Sketches... |
1866 memoir describing conditions in
the early Richmond prisons, Libby and Belle Isle |
|
National
Tribune |
8/20/1891; good account of life in Richmond
prisons in 1861 |
|
New
England Magazine |
4/1895; good description of life in Prison No.
1 (Ligon's Prison) during 1861. Comments on Henry Wirz as an employee
there. |
